PPC advertising operates on a bidding system, this is where advertisers compete for ad placement in a search engine's sponsored links or on relevant websites. Advertisers bid on specific keywords or phrases that are relevant to their target audience or business. When a user searches using those keywords, the search engine algorithm determines which ads to display based on ad rank factors.
Ad ranking factors can differ based on different platforms however here is a list that is universal to all platforms:
- Budget and ad bid - the amount of money you are willing to spend on a click and your overall daily/campaign budget.
- Competitiveness - This is based on how many other businesses are competing for your keywords and specific audience. Higher competition will result in a higher cost of clicks.
- Ad rank threshold - the minimum price required to show your ad.
- Ad quality - search engines will calculate how likely a user is to make a conversion on your website, the higher your conversion rate the more likely you are to reach the best ad placement.
- Context of the user's search - this includes location, device, time of search, intent of search terms and other user signals (think about when you google ‘restaurants near me’).